The object of this paper is to show methods of controlled flow of molten metal that will eliminate shrinkage porosity in heavier section castings in the 50-gram to 1000-gram weight range. The methodology can be applied in VPC casting machines and centrifugal machines. An additional feature of the controlled flow system is reduced size and weight of the reservoir. With imagination, this principle can be applied to smaller, heavy jewelry castings, proving useful for platinum castings where mold surface deterioration often occurs with greater mass.

Author: Apollonius Nooten-Boom II